я. Objective
Learn and master the basic principles and detection methods of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (ПДРФ) genetic markers.
II. Принцип
The first generation of molecular genetic markers, ПДРФ, is based on mutations at the restriction enzyme cutting sites in the genomes of different varieties (individuals). These mutations can include base changes, insertions, deletions, or rearrangements between the enzyme-cutting sites, leading to variations in fragment sizes. These variations can be detected through ПЦР, restriction enzyme digestion, and agarose gel electrophoresis, allowing comparison of DNA level differences (i.e., polymorphism) between different varieties (individuals). RFLP has been widely used in constructing genomic genetic maps, gene localization, biological evolution and classification, and genetic diversity studies.
III. Instruments, Materials, and Reagents
Instruments:
- Electric constant temperature water bath
- Agarose gel electrophoresis and detection system
Materials and Reagents:
- Hind III restriction enzyme
- 10×M Buffer
- PCR product to be analyzed
- DL2000 DNA Marker
- 6×Loading Buffer
- Sterile double-distilled water
- 1.5% agarose gel (Примечание: Contains ethidium bromide (EB), which is carcinogenic; handle with gloves)
- 0.5% TBE (electrophoresis buffer)
IV. Процедура
Hind III Restriction Enzyme Digestion
- Reaction volume: 10 μL in a 0.2 mL Eppendorf tube
- Add the following in order:
- 10×M Buffer: 1 мкл
- ddH2O: 5.5 мкл
- Hind III: 0.5 мкл
- PCR product: 3 мкл
- Digest at 37℃ in a water bath for 2 часы. Use the entire digestion product for agarose gel detection.
Электрофорез в агарозном геле
- Подготовить 1.5% agarose gel.
- Mix 10 μL of the digestion product with 1 μL of loading buffer.
- Perform electrophoresis at a constant voltage of 180V.
- DNA carries a negative charge, so it will migrate from the negative to the positive electrode during electrophoresis.
- Stop electrophoresis when the DNA has migrated to 1/2 к 2/3 of the gel’s length. Observe under a UV detector.
В. Assignment
Write the detailed procedure of this experiment and describe the results you observed (including drawings).
